Climate Letter #400

What governments can do to help the green movement. The most effective measure, a direct tax on carbon, is probably the least likely to gain acceptance. Carbon trading schemes are more likely to be accepted, and would help, but not enough to solve the problem. The World Bank has five further recommendations that are within reach and can make a significant difference, as shown here:

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What about cutting subsidies that benefit fossil fuel producers? This failed to make the World Bank’s list in spite of a full amount equal to around US $550 bil per year. Most of that reflects handouts to consumers in the form of low fuel prices, given in some countries for political reasons that are almost untouchable. Direct subsidies to producers, compared to their profits, are just not big enough to stop projects from happening. Here is a post with some interesting numbers, mainly from the U.S., including a few words about the power of political contributions:
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Growing instability of the Larson C ice shelf. A number of intensive studies are underway, observing significant changes now actively going on. Its collapse, which would have major implications for sea-level rise in the next century and beyond, is given a high probability rating but with uncertain timing.
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How a warming climate is likely to diminish wheat production. This well-managed research provides a convincing level of evidence. “Overall they found a 15 percent reduction in yields when temperatures rose on average just 2 degrees Celsius and a 40 percent decline when average temperatures went up just 4 degrees. Sadly, they also found that more modern plants were more vulnerable than older strains.”  Add this to your list of reasons for why a 4-degree rise absolutely cannot be tolerated.
http://phys.org/news/2015-05-evidence-global-wheat-production.html

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Effective and inexpensive new coating applicable to solar panels. Benefits appear to be substantial, and quickly available. “Where solar panels are concerned, the suppression of reflected light translates into a 3-6 percent relative increase in light-to-electricity conversion efficiency and power output of the cells. Coupled with the superhydrophobic self-cleaning ability, this could also substantially reduce maintenance and operating costs of solar panels. In addition, the coating is highly effective at blocking ultraviolet light.”
Carl

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