Climate change may disturb the benefits that trees gain from the activity of microorganisms that live around their root systems (EurekAlert). More than 200 scientists contributed to this comprehensive study of how trees gain nutrition with the help of other species that are in some way sensitive to temperature, moisture, and soil acidity. Trees now growing in cooler parts of the planet are especially viewed as subject to impairment.
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A new study clarifies the rate of melting of Himalayan glaciers (Phys.org). The researchers were able to gain sufficient information from the interpretation of satellite photos dating back to the 1970s. The loss of ice each year since 2000 from 650 glaciers has doubled the amount of yearly losses between 1975 and 2000. This result matches the expectations for melting from temperature changes that are known to have occurred. Seasonal water runoff that 800 million people depend on is currently 1.6 times higher than it would be under stable conditions, and subject to more changes in the future.
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A distinguished Harvard professor, speaking at the University of Chicago, gave his recommendations for how to prevent catastrophic climate change (Forbes). “Recovery is all but impossible, he argued, without a World War II-style transformation of industry—an acceleration of the effort to halt carbon pollution and remove it from the atmosphere, and a new effort to reflect sunlight away from the earth’s poles.” He says we have only five years remaining to accomplish this effort, much tighter than the figures in most of the schedules we hear about.
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An insider describes the forces involved in the destruction of tropical rainforests for the purpose of creating palm oil plantations (Yale e360). An environmental lawyer had to leave Liberia because of threats to his life. What he has seen is repeated in many other places, and hard to stop when so much money is involved.
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Updated information about the rate of melting predicted for Greenland’s ice sheet (EurekAlert). “Capturing the changing flow and speed of outlet glacier melt makes the updated ice sheet model more accurate than previous models…..As ocean waters have warmed over the past 20 years, they have melted the floating ice that shielded the outlet glaciers from their rising temperatures. As a result, the outlet glaciers flow faster, melt and get thinner, with the lowering surface of the ice sheet exposing new ice to warm air and melting as well.” Models all agree that everything that will happen by the year 3000 still depends on the amount of warming generated by human activity during just the next few decades.
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An overview of the transition from fossil fuels to clean energy, explained in 12 charts (VOX). Fossil fuels still provide 79% of global total energy consumption of all sectors. According to David Roberts, “The public seems to have the impression that while things are bad, they are finally accelerating toward something better. It’s not true. Collectively, we haven’t even succeeded in reversing direction yet. Despite all the progress described below, we’re still struggling to get ahold of the emergency brake.”
Carl