New information from scientists who study the Pliocene epoch (BBC News). This covers a time when the CO2 level at its peak was in the same range as where we are today and temperatures were warmer by 2-3 degrees C (or perhaps 3-4C above preindustrial). There was a meeting in London yesterday of the foremost researchers in this field of study, and hopefully transcripts of their speaches will soon be available. This post has a good preview of what to expect in the way of newly updated information.
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–Here are key details about the meeting and the speakers:
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A new study has much to say about planetary changes over the last 3 million years. This covers the tail end of the Pliocene period and the Pleistocene (or Quaternary) period that follows, marking the transition into the ice ages and the way they evolved. Some of the information that this research team from Potsdam Institute uncovered is rather startling, such as their finding that the CO2 level never even reached 400 ppm during this entire time frame, nor did global temperatures exceed 2 degrees above preindustrial levels during the Pleistocene.
–The entire study is available at this link, and is worth a good look. I would suggest that you find Figure #2 and check out the descriptions of key elements that were charted. Also, it appears to me that the methods employed in making this study were of high quality and the results can be taken no less seriously than others that came before. Could this very exacting work be extended back into the mid-Pliocene warm period that occurred not long before the cutoff of 3 million years used in this study? That period is where our current CO2 level seems to be taking us.
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Spain is facing the prospect of soil degradation leading to widespread desertification (Politico). According to a special report issued in December by the EU, three-quarters of the nation’s land is subject to risk of desertification, likely to require intensive new farming methods in order to remain useful.
–Here is a copy of the full report, with every nation covered in much detail:
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Review of a leading technology for extracting CO2 from the atmosphere (BBC News). Carbon Engineering, a Canadian company, “says that its direct air capture (DAC) process is now able to capture the gas for under $100 a tonne,” and has received the funding needed to build its first commercial facilities. The CO2 can be converted into liquid transportation fuels, making it less attractive to environmentalists but nevertheless interesting as an option that may actually be economically viable.
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Joseph Stiglitz, a Nobel Prize laureate in economics, has an interesting approach toward enforcement of international cooperation in the struggle against climate change (EURACTIV). He has written a new book that shows how to rewrite the rules in terms of trade relationships. “But Stiglitz argues Europe and China should now consider climate-related trade sanctions against the US. And there is a legal precedent at the World Trade Organisation to provide them with the legal grounds to do so, he suggested.”
Carl