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“Changes in climate forces desperate Guatemalans to migrate” (National Geographic magazine). This report provides a thorough explanation of what is sparking the migration, with vivid indications that for many a breaking point has been reached. For example, Guatemala “has the fourth-highest level of chronic malnutrition in the world, and the highest in Latin America. According to the World Food Programme, nearly 50 percent of children under five years old are considered chronically malnourished in Guatemala, a measure that peaks to 90 percent or higher in many rural areas.”
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A new study views the effects of rising sea level on coastal farmland, forcing population shifts. “In the next 120 years, coastal communities that are home to 1.3 billion people will be inundated with seawater, according to scientific forecasts. This puts about 40 percent of Bangladesh’s agricultural fields in jeopardy and already, residents of coastal areas are experiencing frequent flooding from rising oceans and adapting to the new normal.” Soil salinity becomes a problem long before any final inundation.
https://phys.org/news/2018-10-climate-sea-threat-farmers-bangladesh.html
https://phys.org/news/2018-10-climate-sea-threat-farmers-bangladesh.html
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An overview of many recent studies about how the Earth’s climate zones are shifting (Yale e360). This covers everything from the expansion of deserts to the shrinking of permafrost lands, all of which are happening right now and have every reason to continue. The one common denominator is the steady rise in temperatures. “Everything about global warming is changing how people grow their food, access their drinking water, and live in places that are increasingly being flooded, dried out, or blasted with heat waves.”
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A new state of the climate report from Carbon Brief. It includes a variety of basic chart materials that are fundamental to the climate system plus a good bit of discussion about how everything works. One thing they are missing (like everyone else) is a chart that shows the extraordinary difference in changes over time that reflect recent trends of average temperatures over totals of land and oceans when separated. That difference has an effect on how we should interpret the current climate state once we understand what it means. I have added a link to that chart below and you can find some comments on it in previous Climate Letters, e.g. CL #1278, Oct. 12.
https://www.carbonbrief.org/state-of-the-climate-new-record-ocean-heat-content-and-growing-a-el-nino
–Land and ocean surface temperatures from Hansen’s website, in pdf form:
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Canada is imposing a carbon tax with dividends in four of its provinces. Every bit collected will be returned to citizens of those provinces, with a large majority getting back more than they pay in. I believe it is the first of its type on such a large scale, and wish for its success. “For years, CCL grassroots lobbyists have pressed both the U.S. and the Canadian governments to enact carbon fee and dividend to bring heat-trapping emissions under control,” said Mark Reynolds, Executive Director of Citizens’ Climate Lobby. “We’re thrilled that Canada is taking the lead with this policy, and we hope their decision will inspire the U.S. Congress to take similar action.”