An important new study provides a surprising new reason for halting the rise in global warming and CO2 emissions. While some places have too much nitrogen, and others are being fertilized, forests and other terrestrial plants are generally not getting enough nitrogen to grow properly. “Researchers have found that global changes, including warming temperatures and increased levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, are causing a decrease in the availability of a key nutrient for terrestrial plants. This could affect the ability of forests to absorb carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and reduce the amount of nutrients available for the creatures that eat them.” The study has 38 authors from institutions all over the world who have done or made reference to a vast amount of field work. Climate models will need to take these findings into account when projecting future CO2 levels.
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–A link to the Abstract and other information about the study: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41559-018-0694-0
Extreme cases of flooding from storm runoff are increasing dramatically. New research has obtained a detailed understanding of the mechanisms involved and more accurate data about resulting effects. “Globally, almost one billion people now live in floodplains, raising their exposure to river flooding from extreme weather events and underscoring the urgency in understanding and predicting these events…..The team…also found that storm runoff has a stronger response than precipitation to human-induced changes…This suggests that projected responses of storm runoff extremes to climate and anthropogenic changes are going to increase dramatically, posing large threats to the ecosystem, affecting community resilience and infrastructure systems.”
https://phys.org/news/2018-10-temperatures-human-storm-runoff.html
https://phys.org/news/2018-10-temperatures-human-storm-runoff.html
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An article from The Conversation about the effect of rising temperatures on human health. The author is a mathematician who was co-author of a study on this subject published in 2017 which looked into statistical evidence of the effects of physical changes in an episode from the Boston area. Because the dangers are very real she is an advocate of expanding this type of surveillance in a global way. “So far heat waves are not treated like a state of emergency but more like a seasonal nuisance. We are beginning to see – and feel – the effects.”
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The huge need for energy efficiency is not being met (Axios). According to a new report from the IEA, “Our study shows that the right efficiency policies could alone enable the world to achieve more than 40% of the emissions cuts needed to reach its climate goals without requiring new technology.” Total energy demand around the globe was much too high in 2017 because not enough investment has focused on efficiency gains. There is a need for more incentives, including those provided by enforced regulation.
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Hurricane Willa is the latest to demonstrate rapid intensification, the third one in a row. “Hurricane Willa—which had maximum sustained winds of 40 miles-per-hour less than 48 hours prior—had quadrupled in intensity, gusting at 160 miles-per-hour.” The main requirement, abnormally warm water water running abnormally deep, is becoming more common, making adequate preparations more difficult.
Carl