An important new paper compiles evidence of sea level rise and superstorms during the Eemian interglacial period. There are just two authors, both of whom worked with James Hansen on the 2016 report covering much of the same area of interest, and both have deep knowledge of the entire literature from hundreds of research efforts that uncovered all of the details. There is remarkably clear evidence of what happened at that time, the magnitude and intensity of which is simply mindblowing. There are reasons for believing that conditions are now ripe for events that could soon equal or surpass those described.
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The new report should be required reading for anyone who is seriously interested in gaining a full and credible understanding of what we are up against. It has open access, and, at first glance, was composed in a style that does not require special training for the reader, with neat illustrations added along the way. In other words, the authors and publisher want wide readership and are not too concerned about income. The report is lengthy because it fills in and explains many details that were not covered in the Hansen report, which also has open access. Here are the links to both of them:
–Added note: The Hansen report provides explanations of how the Eemian interglacial could have become a bit warmer than what we have today even without a similar rise in its CO2 level, which presents quite a mystery to think about. As explained, it happened because of events in Antarctica that were influenced by strong solar radiation in that region due to Earth’s orbital configuration at one particular moment in time. That is a part of the older story which is not in sight in our time, but our far higher CO2 level could presumably make up for its absence.
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Another stunning new report was announced today. This one refers to ideas about the true CO2 level at the time when the Eocene era was at its warmest, some 50-55 million years ago. (You can pull up a chart from yesterday’s Climate Letter that has a full temperature map.) The new research suggests that CO2 then stood at around 1000 ppm, or just half of what is normally believed, while temperatures were 10C or more higher than those of today. If that evaluation can somehow be confirmed, which at this point seems quite uncertain, a number of theories about climate sensitivity and control knobs and the like would be thrown into confusion, and the stakes surrounding current activity would possibly become greater than ever. This will be one to keep an eye on.
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A report from Puerto Rico. It is hard to imagine the best route to recovery when there is so much difficulty just gaining access to sufficient supplies of food and water. “Every day is a challenge. We’re a bunch of hunter-gatherers.”
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In Algeria the situation is not yet desperate but climate is deteriorating in a way that soon may make it so for many.