Climate Letter #824

A major mountain range in Central Asia is rapidly losing its ability to store water as glaciers melt.  Populations are threatened with shortages in many surrounding countries, leading to a fear of regional conflicts.  Temperatures in the area have been rising at a rate of 0.3C per decade since 1960, which is well above the global average.

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From Scientific American, an interview with Jennifer Francis.  The renowned investigator of Arctic climate change is impressed by all the records being broken and the increasing speed with which this is happening.  The widely unwelcomed Polar Vortex has shown an ability to be self-strengthening.
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New forecasts from the EIA for the US energy sector are available.  This site provides a quick summary plus a link to the full (and very readable) report.  The EIA does fine work with known information, or from a business-as-usual standpoint, but does not speculate much about the prospects for disruptive new technologies or attitudes, which have at times taken it by surprise.  They can foresee nothing more than a slight decline in overall carbon emissions from the US by 2040.
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There is a new and probably improved way to estimate atmospheric CO2 concentrations that were in place many millions of years ago.  This looks like an extremely important addition to climate science, clearly described in this review.  It promises a better way to forecast the link between changes in CO2 level and in air temperature as based on historical analogies, knowledge that is desperately needed at this time.  The initial observations are not comforting.
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A new discovery about the causes of increased hurricane intensity.  For super typhoons to occur the net effect of decreased salinity at the water’s surface is actually stronger than that of higher water temperatures, both of which have the same basic source of origin.  The western tropical Pacific lands are especially in harm’s way.  “Already this effect is intensifying, and it gets worse in the future…”
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A new study adds to evidence about how ocean water becomes involved in the destabilization of Antarctic ice sheets.  From the past, “….the new data clearly showed that when the waters around the Antarctic became more stratified, the ice sheets melted much more quickly.”

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