A new study provides a wide range of information about how changes in land cover cause significant changes in air temperature on a regional basis (Norwegian University of Science and Technology). The research was mostly done in Europe, but the basic principles should apply anywhere. Plenty of numbers are reported that demonstrate the importance of each kind of action that has been or can be taken. The study assesses many different kinds of effects, not just carbon storage. “These other effects include how different kinds of land cover reflect or absorb sunlight—which clearly affects surface temperature—along with humidity levels and evapotranspiration.” The review posted here is very well written, and quite complete.
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–The study itself has open access: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-020-14890-0
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There exists a terrible plan to drain the Congo peat bogs for purposes of oil exploration (The Guardian). The environmental losses incurred simply by draining the land far outweigh the consequences of burning any oil that is found, which may be rather meager, and possibly never even be produced. “The world’s largest tropical peatlands could be destroyed if plans go ahead to drill for oil under the Congo basin, according to an investigation that suggests draining the area would release the same amount of carbon dioxide as Japan emits annually. Preserving the Congo’s Cuvette Centrale peatlands, which are the size of England and store 30bn tonnes of carbon, is ‘absolutely essential’ if there is any hope of meeting Paris climate agreement goals, scientists warn.”
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Carbon dioxide can now be captured from a waste stream and converted to marketable methane at potentially low cost of processing. (Waseda University – Japan). This story and others like it get a fair amount of publicity, because there is a real need to have a good market for any CO2 that can be captured, even if the market is in the form of methane. It’s good that so many labs are trying to make it happen, and are making some progress.
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A new study provides an abundance of information that will be useful in setting priorities for creating programs that will lead to the greatest reduction of methane emissions at the lowest cost (International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis – Vienna). “Methane is a gas that deserves more attention in the climate debate as it contributes to almost half of human-made global warming in the short-term…..it is possible to achieve reduced global warming in the near term by targeting methane through the fast implementation of technology to prevent its release to the atmosphere….. Between 30% and 50% of future global methane emissions can be removed at a cost below 50 €/t CO2eq.” That’s quite a bit cheaper than the projected cost of removing CO2 from the atmosphere, and because it is all about prevention there is nothing left over that needs to be disposed of. The key is to locate exactly the right leaks or other sources that best need to be attacked, which is difficult because there are so many kinds and they are so widely dispersed. This research made solid progress toward getting them properly identified.
https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/2515-7620/ab7457#ercab7457s4—–
A hydrogen-powered commuter train is about to be tested in the UK (BBC Future Planet). There are plenty of challenges to be faced before feasibility is assured; this story describes all of both the pluses and minuses. The UK wants to do away with all of its diesel trains by 2040, so the outcome of this test is keenly anticipated.
Carl