Earth had real forests 386 million years ago, before any large animals moved onto land from the sea (Yale e360). Their root systems were recently discovered in the Catskill Mountains. Certain kinds of bugs and insects could have added some life diversity by that time. “The evolution of forests played a critical role in shaping the world’s climate and ecology. They captured carbon dioxide, bringing levels down similar to modern times, and helped to significantly cool the planet.” (Is the film now running all the way to the end, but in reverse?)
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The Arctic’s climate history provides the key to understanding the future impact of current climate change (Eos – Research Spotlight). The problem of too many gaps in the data we need is about to be reduced. Earth began a major long and more modern cooling trend from a peak reached 50 million years ago, which we are now well on the way to reversing in a relatively short order. We want to know what the climate was like during every step of the cooling trend, and Arctic researchers are looking hard for more answers. An excellent progress report is available in this post:
–If you have some extra time, I highly recommend a look at Ruediger Stein’s recent study that reviews all of the existing literature on notable past discoveries by Arctic researchers. He makes it easy to understand what we know and what we are looking for, and why. (Hint—watch out for the middle-to-late Miocene period.)
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Indonesia’s capitol city is again struck by massive flooding (Bangkok Post). This one, similar to the flood of 2013, is rated as the worst since 2007. Torrential rains are responsible. Plans are already afoot to move the capitol to a new and higher location.
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2019 was Ausralia’s hottest year on record (The Guardian). The continent as a whole was 1.52C above the average for 1961-1990 (most likely more than that since the 1800’s). One state, New South Wales, was 1.95C above the average. For the country, a glance at the chart suggests that during the decade of the 2010s temperatures were about one-half degree above the 2000’s first decade, which in turn was maybe 0.3C over the 1990s, thereby indicating an extraordinary pattern of acceleration that simply must not continue for the sake of continuing habitability.
–A statistician who analyzes datasets sees 2019 as the driest on record for Australia, but with no observable trend in that direction (Open Mind). His temperature chart for the country, with the help of a central trendline, shows the trend of acceleration since 1960 even better than the Guardian chart does.
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Six of the most prominent geoengineering plans for saving the planet are evaluated (USA Today). Removing carbon from high-volume flue gas emissions, and storing it underground, would be cheaper and easier than any of these with no adverse effects, so why isn’t it being done?
Carl