New research covers the multiple consequences of permafrost lands that thaw in an abrupt manner (EurekAlert). “This abrupt thaw is changing forested ecosystems to thaw lakes and wetlands, resulting in a wholesale transformation of the landscape that not only impacts carbon feedbacks to climate but is also altering wildlife habitat and damaging infrastructure…..It’s happening faster than anyone predicted. We show that abrupt permafrost thawing affects less than 20 per cent of the permafrost region, but carbon emissions from this relatively small region have the potential to double the climate feedback associated with permafrost thawing.”
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New information shows a possible weakness in the oceans’ carbon sink as the waters warm (Phys.org). “A new study suggests that CO2 regeneration may become faster in many regions of the world as the oceans warm with changing climate. This, in turn, may reduce the deep oceans’ ability to keep carbon locked up.” This story has much educational material related to the storage of oxygen in the oceans and its full meaning.
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Studies show a strong correlation between drought and human conflict in Southeast Asia (Circle of Blue). “Southeast Asia has many dry years ahead…..As droughts degrade the natural environment, people find themselves competing for increasingly scarce land and water resources…..The report notes that 80 percent of local conflicts that occurred in Southeast Asia between 1981 and 2001 took place in areas that had endured drought at some point…..As climate change alters and intensifies weather patterns, Southeast Asia will likely become increasingly exposed to drought, and in turn, the “vicious circle” of violence and environmental shock.”
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Part of Antarctica’s largest ice shelf, the Ross, is melting much more rapidly than previously thought (Science Daily). Surrounding conditions make it likely that melt rates will continue to increase in the future, weakening its ability to hold back the movement of glaciers that enable sea level to rise. “The observations we made at the front of the ice shelf have direct implications for many large glaciers that flow into the ice shelf, some as far as 900 km away.”
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Paleoclimate science—new findings about the consequences of India’s collision with Asia (EurekAlert). Scientists have identified an important effect that was completely unexpected: “the oxygen in the world’s oceans increased, altering the conditions for life.” The rise in oxygen proved beneficial to supplies of a nitrogen isotope that is required by marine organisms. (Be sure to click on the image of the collision event.)
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Why Hurricane Harvey intensified immediately before landfall (Phys.org). The explanation has to do with the way ocean water near the shore is heated, in this case all the way to the bottom.
Carl