Climate Letter #1226

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A new study describes the effect of too much heat on ocean chemistry.  “It is widely accepted that an increase in CO2 leads to warming, which then results in less oxygen in our oceans. Less oxygen allows sulfate-eating bacteria to thrive, which produces hydrogen sulfide—a broad-spectrum toxin which is lethal in small concentrations.”  The story tells about how it has happened before and why we are getting closer to a reoccurrence.
https://phys.org/news/2018-08-scientists-climate-oceans.html#nRlv
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The connection between rising temperatures and the ferocity of California wildfires (LA Times).  It mainly has to do with the drying out of vegetation.  “What that means is the fire has to do less work to ignite the vegetation right next to it. And it can spread faster, and it releases energy more quickly.”
–Some California Republicans, even in Redding, are still not convinced (The Guardian):
–Scientists are sure of one thing:  This will get worse (Wired):
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A new study from MIT takes a close look at China’s future.  “A region that holds one of the biggest concentrations of people on Earth could be pushing against the boundaries of habitability by the latter part of this century.”  Future heatwaves would become more deadly because of this region’s expected increases in humidity combined with rising temperatures.  (Southern China lies on the same latitude as northern India.}
https://phys.org/news/2018-07-china-deadly-due-climate.html
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An extensive Australian study finds bursts of rainfall having volumes two to three times greater than the amount expected from actual temperature increases.  Normal increases in water vapor content alone could not explain the high volumes realized, nor could any other known weather pattern having unusual properties.  “This does not mean that we will see this rate of increase everywhere. But the important thing now is to understand why rainfall is becoming so much more intense in Australia and to look at changes in other places around the world.”
https://phys.org/news/2018-07-australia-intense-storms.html
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The atmospheric CO2 level rose by 20 ppm during the Holocene but well before the Industrial Revolution.  This helped to keep the planet temperature at a pleasant level when it could otherwise have been falling due to orbital radiation changes.  A reason for this increase now may have been found, probably due to an increased venting of the gas from deep waters around Antarctica under the influence of wind-driven upwelling processes.  “The same processes are at work today: The absorption of carbon by the ocean is slowing the rise in atmospheric carbon dioxide produced by fossil fuel burning, and the upwelling of the Southern Ocean is still allowing some of that carbon dioxide to vent back into the atmosphere.  If the findings from the Holocene can be used to predict how Southern Ocean upwelling will change in the future, it will improve our ability to forecast changes in atmospheric carbon dioxide and thus in global climate.”  (A related story about the “carbon pump” can be found in CL #1217.)
Carl

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