What it’s like to live with extreme heat (New York Times). An excellent article, with a focus on India. These people are living right now on the very edge of survival, in a world that is going to get hotter, leaving mighty few options.
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Ground-level ozone, a dangerous pollutant, keeps hitting record highs in some places. This article from Greenpeace provides a full description of the problem and how it is caused, with a focus on China. Health concerns are the principal issue but nitrous oxide is also well-known to scientists for its importance as a greenhouse gas, while improper burning of fossil fuels makes a high contribution to the ground-level ozone formation process.
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An analysis of global temperature increases over the past four decades. The author is a skilled statistician who has earned a wide following with studies like this. Here he dissects the standard NASA reported numbers by removing the short-term distortions caused by ENSO (both El Nino and La Nina), volcanic emissions and solar cycles, which results in a smoother trendline that is more meaningful for making comparisons. The long Hiatus between 1998 and 2015 that once got so much attention totally disappears. At this moment there is no sign of any slowdown in the basic trend, and maybe a slight hint of acceleration that needs to be reversed within the next couple of years.
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Sweden is having an unusual problem with wildfires, covering a wide area. Some have extended north of the Arctic Circle, which is said to now have eleven active fires overall, due to a very hot and dry summer.
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Climate science: About the relationship between water vapor and all other sources of global warming. It’s a subject that often causes confusion, and this short report helps to clear things up. Water vapor is a greenhouse gas, and by far the strongest of them all, including CO2. Yet water vapor by itself cannot be a cause of global warming. All it can do is to amplify the increase that takes effect from things like CO2 that are a direct, independent cause of warming. In fact it will amplify enough to about double any such increase, or the net effect of any combination of increases and decreases, including net decreases when things are getting cooler. It’s worth keeping in mind that when scientists talk about the warming effect due to a rise in CO2 and other forcings, or present some formulation of sensitivity to a doubling of CO2, they automatically include the amplification due to water vapor without even mentioning that they are doing so. I wish they would be more explicit about this.
Carl