New findings show stronger cloud formation than has been assumed during pre-industrial times. That is the conclusion of a major, very sophisticated experiment conducted by a large group of scientists at CERN. The implication is that the addition of reflective aerosols from burning fossil fuels has had a masking effect on global warming nearest to the low end of estimates, which are generally expressed with a wide range of uncertainty in standard climate models. This information should help to sharpen as well as reduce future temperature forecasts, but I would expect to see a number of questions raised before there is anything like full acceptance. The topic is one that has always involved big questions that everyone would like to see convincingly resolved.
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Here is another review of the same study, that seems to have a somewhat different emphasis:
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Another study about aerosols helps to explain why the Arctic has been warming faster than the models indicate.
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A report on renewable energy employment. Globally, the number of employed is over 8 million, backed by a strong rate of growth. China accounts for 3.5 million of the total and a third of last year’s growth. The fossil fuel industry lost jobs in 2015 in spite of having far more support from government subsidies than does the renewable sector. It’s interesting that falling prices have served to hurt employment in the old, commodity-based industry while similar phenomena are stimulating growth in the new one.
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What should we think about the feasibility of “negative emissions?” There are all kinds of expert opinions on this subject. Here you get answers from eighteen individuals who have given the question much thought, both as short summaries and in detail. In the posted comments that follow there is a brief video from two years ago that provides some cogent additional views. You might also refer back to the interview with Klaus Lackner, who thinks we have no choice regardless of cost and risk, that was part of Climate Letter #664. All of these people are deadly serious about the basic problem and the lack of easy solutions.
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A new technique will greatly improve the performance of flow batteries, from MIT. This has huge competitive implications for the future of stationary batteries that are vital to 24-hour renewable energy systems. The proof of concept should not take long for designers to incorporate into commercial reality. The post also serves as a good general introduction to the relative virtues of flow batteries.
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Gorgeous photos from a glacial region in Iceland. They carry an important message about climate change, but also stand out just for their spectacular beauty.
Carl