Climate Letter #622

Jason Box discusses the freshening of North Atlantic surface waters.  Dr. Box is an experienced student of Greenland’s melting process and its effects.  His views in this short video back up certain important claims made in Hansen’s new study.

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If you have an interest in reading the Hansen report it is available in full at this link:
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A single species of bacteria is helping to melt the surface of Greenland.  This is one development that is not being blamed on human activity, but the effect is additive and apparently significant.
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New studies show that Arctic permafrost is thawing more quickly than expected.  Significant amounts of CO2 are already being released as a result, with further increases likely.  The total addition by the end of this century could be equal to 10% or more of the remaining carbon budget.
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Climate change adversely affects the habitat of every non-human primate species.  That is the unsurprising conclusion of a new comprehensive study covering more than 350 species, as reported by Scientific American.  Many of the species are already endangered for other reasons, which in large part are also caused by human activities.
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A major study confirms the greenhouse importance of terrestrial methane and nitrous oxide emissions.  Their warming effect, as measured for those due exclusively to direct human activities, is about double the cooling effect attributed to the terrestrial sinks that offset about 25% of human-caused CO2 emissions.  (A standard textbook chart of all radiative forcings comes to a similar result but by a different, and maybe less confusing, way of calculating.)
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Scotland is now coal-free.  Their last coal-burning power plant has been shut down, with a new goal of being 100% renewable by 2020.  People are celebrating the event.
Carl

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