Climate Letter #1112

How should we go about protecting wildlife?  The Guardian provides a well thought-out discussion of this important subject, centered on the idea that half of the Earth’s land surface should be protected for wildlife, plus other angles.

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A new study explains why it is so important that loss of biodiversity be minimized.  The disappearance of any one species from an ecosystem tends to weaken that ecosystem; the weakening effect is greatest in communities that have a simple food web.  The researchers performed actual tests that led to this conclusion–“Our results demonstrate that biodiversity loss can increase the vulnerability of ecosystems to secondary extinctions which, when they occur, can then lead to further simplification causing run-away extinction cascades.”
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Many of the world’s biggest lakes are drying up.  This is a story from National Geographic, featuring superb photography along with some very bad news about what has been happening over just a few recent decades.  One big part of the problem is that lake water collects heat efficiently and proceeds to warm up more rapidly than ocean water, the atmosphere, or any kind of land surface.
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A new study promotes the benefits of adding pulverized rock to agricultural soils.  Carbon Brief provides an extensive explanation of how their proposal might work, and what some of the complicating factors are like.  It would be of benefit to crops, draw down CO2 from the atmosphere and more, and thus deserves serious consideration.  Operational costs, currently estimated in a range of $52-480 per tonne of CO2 sequestered, are of a type that is low-tech and would be difficult to reduce.
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Rainfall variability due to climate change is increasing globally over land used for grazing.  A new study sees this effect on 49% of the world’s grazing lands, which support the nutritional needs of hundreds of millions of people.  “In a good season, grasses and other plants flourish, supporting robust herds. In a bad season, the system suffers – as do the people who rely on it. The difference between a good and bad year? One significant and increasingly volatile factor is precipitation.”
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Fred Pearce writes about the many different ways that air travel is being disrupted by effects of climate change.  Along with all the problems that affect flights, one assessment has found that thirteen major airports in the US alone are vulnerable to sea level rise.
Carl

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